What are nitrogenous bases sugar and phosphate?
Each nucleotide is composed of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group. There are four nitrogenous bases in DNA, two purines (adenine and guanine) and two pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine).
What do we call the base unit of DNA made up of a sugar phosphate and base?
nucleotide
Together, a base, sugar, and phosphate are called a nucleotide. Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix.
What does a base sugar and phosphate make?
DNA consists of two strands that wind around each other like a twisted ladder. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases–adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or thymine (T).
Is sugar a phosphate and a base are the components of a?
DNA comprises of three basic components: a pyrimidine or purine base, a sugar (2-deoxyribose), and a phosphate (eFig. 62.1). The DNA structure exists as a double helix in which one strand of bases is ordered in one direction and the other strand is ordered in the opposite direction.
What is the base of a nucleotide?
A nucleotide is composed of a nitrogenous base, deoxyribose (five-carbon sugar), and at least one phosphate group. The nitrogenous bases are purines such as adenine (A) and guanine (G), or pyrimidines such as cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U).
What is deoxyribose sugar?
Deoxyribose, or more precisely 2-deoxyribose, is a monosaccharide with idealized formula H−(C=O)−(CH2)−(CHOH)3−H. Its name indicates that it is a deoxy sugar, meaning that it is derived from the sugar ribose by loss of an oxygen atom. Deoxyribose is most notable for its presence in DNA.
What is nucleotide in DNA?
Listen to pronunciation. (NOO-klee-oh-tide) A molecule consisting of a nitrogen-containing base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA).
What is pyrimidine base?
Pyrimidine: A nitrogenous base similar to benzene (a six-membered ring) and includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA or RNA.
What is the composition of nucleoside a sugar a phosphate a base a sugar a base a phosphate a base a sugar-phosphate?
A nucleoside is composed of a nitrogen base and pentose sugar. Pentose sugars are ribose and deoxyribose. Nitrogen bases are purines and pyrimidines. Thus, the correct answer is D.
Which is a purine nitrogen base?
Nitrogenous bases present in the DNA can be grouped into two categories: purines (Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)), and pyrimidine (Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)). These nitrogenous bases are attached to C1′ of deoxyribose through a glycosidic bond.
Which are purine and pyrimidine bases?
Purines (adenine and guanine) are two-carbon nitrogen ring bases while pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine) are one-carbon nitrogen ring bases.
What is a nucleotide composed of?
A molecule consisting of a nitrogen-containing base (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA).
What is a nitrogen base?
Nitrogenous base: A molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base. The nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). The nitrogenous bases in RNA are the same, with one exception: adenine (A), guanine (G), uracil (U), and cytosine (C).
What is ribose and deoxyribose sugar?
Ribose and deoxyribose are monosaccharides or simple sugars. They are aldopentoses and undergo phosphorylation to form deoxyribonucleotide and ribonucleotide. They are of great biological importance that help in the formation of blueprint of an organism that is passed on to generations.
Where are the sugar phosphate backbones and the nitrogenous bases located in the DNA double helix?
The sugar-phosphate backbones of the DNA strands make up the outside of the helix, while the nitrogenous bases are found on the inside and form hydrogen-bonded pairs that hold the DNA strands together.
What compose a nucleotide?
Nucleotide A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T).
What is a purine base?
Purines and pyrimidines are the nitrogen bases that hold DNA strands together through hydrogen bonds. They pair together through complementary pairing based on Chargaff’s Rule (A::T and G::C). The purines in DNA are adenine and guanine, the same as in RNA.
What is purine base?
Definition. A purine is an aromatic heterocyclic nitrogen compound, composed of a pyrimidine ring system fused to an imidazole ring system, with the core molecular formula C5H4N4. Purines are weakly basic compounds.